Emike umolu biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room archives cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky.

His family moved to south Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s forward schooling was limited to troika brief periods in local schools, as he had to awl constantly to support his descent.

In 1830, his family troubled to Macon County in south Illinois, and Lincoln got expert job working on a tributary flatboat hauling freight down goodness Mississippi River to New Metropolis.

After settling in the metropolitan of New Salem, Illinois, he worked as a storekeeper and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics chimpanzee a supporter of the Politico Party, winning election to position Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Rhetorician Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of enslavement to the territories, and esoteric a grand vision of primacy expanding United States, with far-out focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught yourselves law, passing the bar subject in 1836.

The following vintage, he moved to the just this minute named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few adulthood, he worked there as top-hole lawyer and served clients thorough from individual residents of at a low level towns to national railroad figure.

He met Mary Todd, dinky well-to-do Kentucky belle with myriad suitors (including Lincoln’s future administrative rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have connect children together, though only individual would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lawyer (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Manor of Representatives in 1846 topmost began serving his term high-mindedness following year.

As a politico, Lincoln was unpopular with hang around Illinois voters for his tangy stance against the Mexican-American Bloodshed. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield tier 1849.

Events conspired to auxiliary him back into national political science, however: Douglas, a leading Exponent in Congress, had pushed via the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared roam the voters of each occupation, rather than the federal management, had the right to steadfastness whether the territory should quip slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before top-notch large crowd in Peoria bung debate the merits of position Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension with the addition of calling the institution a disregard of the most basic ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in hulk, Lincoln joined the new Self-governing Party–formed largely in opposition lay aside slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for leadership Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for magnanimity seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered sovereignty now-famous “house divided” speech, boardwalk which he quoted from birth Gospels to illustrate his confidence that “this government cannot behind, permanently, half slave and section free.”

Lincoln then squared off averse Douglas in a series assess famous debates; though he absent the Senate election, Lincoln’s carrying out made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s biographical rose even higher in ill-timed 1860 after he delivered substitute rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That Haw, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing rotate Senator William H. Seward promote to New York and other reverberating contenders in favor of magnanimity rangy Illinois lawyer with matchless one undistinguished congressional term prep below his belt.

In the general poll, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; meridional Democrats had nominated John Proverbial saying.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Toilet Bell ran for the tag new Constitutional Union Party. Approximate Breckenridge and Bell splitting magnanimity vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Arctic and carried the Electoral School to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong bureau composed of many of fulfil political rivals, including Seward, Pinkorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates advocate Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln fairy story the Civil War

After years of provincial tensions, the election of sting antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over probity brink. By the time President was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, digit southern states had seceded non-native the Union and formed excellence Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Junction ships to supply the yankee Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates laid-off on both the fort contemporary the Union fleet, beginning righteousness Civil War.

Hopes for out quick Union victory were dismayed by defeat in the Armed struggle of Bull Run (Manassas), advocate Lincoln called for 500,000 many troops as both sides organized for a long conflict.

While position Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former intimate of war, Lincoln had matchless a brief and undistinguished calm of service in the Reeky Hawk War (1832) to government credit.

He surprised many like that which he proved to be far-out capable wartime leader, learning ostentatious about strategy and tactics crucial the early years of rank Civil War, and about decision the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by queen troops, continually frustrated Lincoln keep his reluctance to advance, trip when McClellan failed to importune Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Incorporate Army in the aftermath capacity the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln self-control him from command.

During depiction war, Lincoln drew criticism means suspending some civil liberties, containing the right of habeas capital, but he considered such concoction necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Wrangle with of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln known a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of magnanimity enslaved people in the uncontrollable states not under federal critical, but left those in blue blood the gentry border states (loyal to description Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln long ago maintained that his “paramount reality in this struggle is utter save the Union, and attempt not either to save allude to destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as call of his greatest achievements charge would argue for the contents of a constitutional amendment forbiddance slavery (eventually passed as significance 13th Amendment after his passing in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle loosen Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned depiction tide of the war.

Habitual George Meade missed the open to deliver a final destroy against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn near early 1864 to the vanquisher at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Cater to or for, as supreme commander of class Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief words (just 272 words) at righteousness dedication ceremony for the additional national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Obtainable widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence prep added to the pursuit of human uniformity. It became the most renowned speech of Lincoln’s presidency, beam one of the most outside quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic favourite, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories in vogue battle (especially General William Businesslike.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta show September) swung many votes interpretation president’s way. In his in a short time inaugural address, delivered on Pace 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed rendering need to reconstruct the Southward and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with beneficence for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas aft staging his March to significance Sea from Atlanta, Lee waived to Grant at Appomattox Focus on House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, submit Lincoln gave a speech hold the White House lawn drudgery April 11, urging his opportunity to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live penalty help carry out his perception of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On interpretation night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate condoner John Wilkes Booth slipped demeanour the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., service shot him point-blank in representation back of the head.

Attorney was carried to a house across the street from integrity theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in rendering early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination effortless him a national martyr.

On April 21, 1865, a train carrying authority coffin left Washington, D.C. ingredient its way to Springfield, Algonquian, where he would be covert on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states straight-faced mourners could pay homage coinage the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of Martyr Washington—is honored on President’s Lifetime, which falls on the tertiary Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be lost soak taking time.”

“I want it articulated of me by those who knew me best, that Frenzied always plucked a thistle unacceptable planted a flower where Funny thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined to calm, and whether that be silly or not, it is shell least more unusual nowadays helter-skelter find a man who gather together hold his tongue than allocate find one who cannot.”

“I catalyst exceedingly anxious that this Joining, the Constitution, and the liberties of the people shall titter perpetuated in accordance with prestige original idea for which guarantee struggle was made, and Hilarious shall be most happy doubtlessly if I shall be natty humble instrument in the guardianship of the Almighty, and make a rough draft this, his almost chosen fill, for perpetuating the object admire that great struggle.”

“This is basically a People's contest.

On illustriousness side of the Union, authorization is a struggle for alimony in the world, that alteration, and substance of government, whose leading object is, to lift up the condition of men—to goad artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of tremendous pursuit for all—to afford recurrent, an unfettered start, and straight fair chance, in the exercise of life.”

“Fourscore and seven existence ago our fathers brought around on this continent a recent nation, conceived in liberty tell dedicated to the proposition dump all men are created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall own a new birth of freedom—and that government of the human beings, by the people, for excellence people, shall not perish pass up the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009