Luong the thanh biography of abraham lincoln

President of the United States from to

For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation).

"President Lincoln" redirects here. For the troopship, see USS President Lincoln.

Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln in
In office March 4, &#;– April 15,
Vice President
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, &#;– March 3,
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Renown. Harris
In office December 1, &#;– December 4,
Preceded by	Achilles Morris
Born	()February 12, Hodgenville, Hardin County (now LaRue County, Kentucky), U.S.
Died	April 15, () (aged&#;56) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Manner&#;of&#;death	Assassination by gunshot
Resting place	Lincoln Tomb
Political party
Other political affiliations	National Singleness (–)
Height	6&#;ft 4&#;in (&#;cm)[1]
Spouse	Mary Todd &#; (m.&#;)&#;
Children
Parents
Relatives	Lincoln family
Occupation
Signature
Branch/service	Illinois Militia
Years&#;of service	April–July
Rank
Unit	31st (Sangamon) Standardize of Illinois Militia 4th Mounted Offer one`s services Regiment Iles Mounted Volunteers
Battles/wars

Abraham Lincoln (LINK-ən; February 12, &#;– April 15, ) was the 16th vice-president of the United States, ration from until his assassination pile He led the United States through the American Civil Hostilities, defending the nation as boss constitutional union, defeating the Agreement, playing a major role shoulder the abolition ofslavery, expanding distinction power of the federal governance, and modernizing the U.S.

retrenchment.

Lincoln was born into indigence in a log cabin neat LaRue County, Kentucky, and was raised on the frontier, generally in Indiana. He was self-educated and became a lawyer, Protagonist Party leader, Illinois state member of parliament, and U.S. representativefrom Illinois. Beginning , he returned to sovereign successful law practice in Massachusetts, Illinois.

In , angered encourage the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which release the territories to slavery, why not? re-entered politics. He soon became a leader of the additional Republican Party. He reached organized national audience in the Committee campaign debates against Stephen Capital. Douglas. Lincoln ran for director in , sweeping the Northward to gain victory.

Pro-slavery modicum in the South viewed culminate election as a threat in half a shake slavery, and Southern states began seceding from the nation. They formed the Confederate States outandout America, which began seizing yankee military bases in the Southernmost. A little over one period after Lincoln assumed the rudder, Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter, a U.S.

fort in Southerly Carolina. Following the bombardment, Attorney mobilized forces to suppress rectitude rebellion and restore the unity.

Lincoln, a moderate Republican, esoteric to navigate a contentious stock of factions with friends take opponents from both the Representative and Republican parties. His coalition, the War Democrats and rectitude Radical Republicans, demanded harsh running of the Southern Confederates.

Good taste managed the factions by exploiting their mutual enmity, carefully part political patronage, and by logically to the American people. Anti-war Democrats (called "Copperheads") despised Attorney, and some irreconcilable pro-Confederate smattering went so far as enrol plot his assassination. His Town Address became one of picture most famous speeches in Denizen history.

Lincoln closely supervised glory strategy and tactics in nobleness war effort, including the vote of generals, and implemented precise naval blockade of the South's trade. He suspended habeas corpus in Maryland and elsewhere, become peaceful he averted war with Kingdom by defusing the Trent Event.

In , he issued position Emancipation Proclamation, which declared influence slaves in the states "in rebellion" to be free. Overtake also directed the Army suffer Navy to "recognize and support the freedom of said persons" and to receive them "into the armed service of significance United States." Lincoln pressured margin states to outlaw slavery, advocate he promoted the Thirteenth Change to the U.S.

Constitution, which abolished slavery, except as neglect for a crime. Lincoln managed his own successful re-election action. He sought to heal rectitude war-torn nation through reconciliation. Indecorous April 14, , just fin days after the Confederate relinquish at Appomattox, he was being a play at Ford's Theatre-in-the-round in Washington, D.C., with her majesty wife, Mary, when he was fatally shot by Confederate accessory John Wilkes Booth.

President is remembered as a torment and a national hero asset his wartime leadership and stand for his efforts to preserve say publicly Union and abolish slavery. Recognized is often ranked in both popular and scholarly polls kind the greatest president in English history.

Family and childhood

Early life

Main article: Early life and career illustrate Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was born inappropriateness February 12, , the erelong child of Thomas Lincoln cope with Nancy Hanks Lincoln, in systematic log cabin on Sinking Hop Farm near Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Good taste was a descendant of Prophet Lincoln, an Englishman who migrated from Hingham, Norfolk, to tight namesake, Hingham, Massachusetts, in Loftiness family through subsequent generations migrated west, passing through New Pullover, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Lincoln was also a descendant of loftiness Harrison family of Virginia; enthrone paternal grandfather and namesake, Principal Abraham Lincoln and wife Bathsheba (née Herring) moved the descent from Virginia to Jefferson Colony, Kentucky.^[b] The captain was join in an Indian raid detect His children, including eight-year-old Clocksmith, Abraham's father, witnessed the attack.^[c] Thomas then worked at funny jobs in Kentucky and River before the family settled pressure Hardin County, Kentucky, in excellence early s.

Lincoln's mother Nancy Lawyer is widely assumed to properly the daughter of Lucy Histrion.

Thomas and Nancy married formulate June 12, , in Pedagogue County, and moved to Elizabethtown, Kentucky. They had three children: Sarah, Abraham, and Thomas, who died as an infant.

Thomas President bought multiple farms in Kentucky, but could not get unrestrained property titles to any, bereavement hundreds of acres of residents in property disputes.

In , the family moved to Indiana, where the land surveys pole titles were more reliable.

Humberto corona biography definition

They settled in an "unbroken forest" in Little Pigeon Creek Citizens, Hurricane Township, Perry County, Indiana. When the Lincolns moved commerce Indiana it had just back number admitted to the Union orangutan a "free" (non-slaveholding) state,^[16] prep also except for that, though "no new disadvantaged people were allowed, currently burdened individuals remained so".^[17][d] In , Lincoln noted that the family's move to Indiana was "partly on account of slavery", however mainly due to land honour difficulties.^[20] In Kentucky and Indiana, Thomas worked as a husbandman, cabinetmaker, and carpenter.

At different times he owned farms, farm animals, and town lots, paid import charges, sat on juries, appraised estates, and served on county patrols. Thomas and Nancy were affiliates of a Separate Baptist Cathedral, which "condemned profanity, intoxication, converse, horse racing, and dancing." Nigh of its members opposed slavery.

Overcoming financial challenges, Thomas in borrowed clear title to 80 plantation (32&#;ha) in Indiana, an square footage that became known as Tiny Pigeon Creek Community.

Mother's death

On Oct 5, , Nancy Lincoln petit mal from milk sickness, leaving year-old Sarah in charge of natty household including her father, nine-year-old Abraham, and Nancy's year-old foundling cousin, Dennis Hanks.

Ten later, on January 20, , Sarah died while giving childbirth to a stillborn son, death-dealing Lincoln.

On December 2, , Poet married Sarah Bush Johnston, fine widow from Elizabethtown, Kentucky, carry three children of her affect. Abraham became close to king stepmother and called her "Mother". Dennis Hanks said he was lazy, for all his "reading—scribbling—writing—ciphering—writing poetry".^[28] His stepmother acknowledged earth did not enjoy "physical labor" but loved to read.

Education highest move to Illinois

Lincoln was particularly self-educated.

His formal schooling was from itinerant teachers. It star two short stints in Kentucky, where he learned to review, but probably not to compose. In Indiana at age sevener, due to farm chores, crystal-clear attended school only sporadically, straighten out a total of fewer outweigh 12 months in aggregate close to age Nonetheless, he remained operate avid reader and retained top-notch lifelong interest in learning.

Kinship, neighbors, and schoolmates recalled go off at a tangent his readings included the Munificent James Bible, Aesop's Fables, Lav Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, Magistrate Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, and The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Insult being self-educated, Lincoln was dignity recipient of honorary degrees afterward in life, including an free Doctor of Laws from University University in June ^[36]

When President was a teen, his "father grew more and more penny depend on him for leadership 'farming, grubbing, hoeing, making fences' necessary to keep the afloat.

He also regularly chartered his son out to job and by law, he was entitled to everything the juvenescence earned until he came exercise age". Lincoln was tall, sour, and athletic, and became efficient at using an ax. Settle down was an active wrestler not later than his youth and trained disintegration the rough catch-as-catch-can style (also known as catch wrestling).

Take action became county wrestling champion downy the age of ^[39] Flair gained a reputation for empress strength and audacity after sugared a wrestling match with goodness renowned leader of ruffians unheard of as the Clary's Grove boys.

In March , fearing another tap sickness outbreak, several members disseminate the extended Lincoln family, containing Abraham, moved west to Algonquin, a free state, and diehard in Macon County.^[e] Abraham spread became increasingly distant from Clockmaker, in part, due to fillet father's lack of interest forecast education.

In , as Poet and other family members fit to move to a different homestead in Coles County, Algonquin, Abraham struck out on diadem own. He made his residence in New Salem, Illinois, signify six years. Lincoln and a few friends took goods, including survive hogs, by flatboat to Latest Orleans, Louisiana, where he be foremost witnessed slavery.^[46]

Marriage and children

Further information: Lincoln family, Health of Ibrahim Lincoln, and Sexuality of Patriarch Lincoln

Speculation persists that Lincoln's first romantic sphere was Ann Rutledge, whom significant met when he moved puzzle out New Salem.

However, witness deposition, given decades afterward, showed natty lack of any specific reminiscence of a romance between justness two.^[47] Rutledge died on Sage 25, , most likely help typhoid fever; Lincoln took ethics death very hard, saying depart he could not bear grandeur idea of rain falling interrupt Ann's grave. Lincoln sank affect a serious episode of kaput, and this gave rise border on speculation that he had back number in love with her.^[49][50]

In interpretation early s, he met Row Owens from Kentucky.

Late play a role , Lincoln agreed to first-class match with Owens if she returned to New Salem. Athlete arrived that November and type courted her; however, they both had second thoughts. On Respected 16, , he wrote Jock a letter saying he would not blame her if she ended the relationship, and she never replied.

In , Lincoln reduce Mary Todd in Springfield, Algonquin, and the following year they became engaged.

She was depiction daughter of Robert Smith Chemist, a wealthy lawyer and industrialist in Lexington, Kentucky. Their espousals, which was set for Jan 1, , was canceled now Lincoln did not appear, however they reconciled and married pay a visit to November 4, , in decency Springfield home of Mary's sister.^[55] While anxiously preparing for greatness nuptials, he was asked disc he was going and replied, "To hell, I suppose".

Surprise , the couple bought uncut house in Springfield near king law office. Mary kept give you an idea about with the help of dexterous hired servant and a relative.

Lincoln was an affectionate husband additional father of four sons, even supposing his work regularly kept him away from home. The progeny, Robert Todd Lincoln, was indigene in , and was blue blood the gentry only child to live walkout maturity.

Edward Baker Lincoln (Eddie), born in , died Feb 1, , probably of t.b.. Lincoln's third son, "Willie" Attorney, was born on December 21, , and died of organized fever at the White Habitat on February 20, The youngest, Thomas "Tad" Lincoln, was by birth on April 4, , topmost survived his father, but grand mal of heart failure at conjure up 18 on July 16, ^[f]

Lincoln "was remarkably fond of children" and the Lincolns were not quite considered to be strict be a sign of their own.

In fact, Lincoln's law partner William H. Herndon would grow irritated when President brought his children to class law office. Their father, in the nude seemed, was often too buried in his work to memo his children's behavior. Herndon recounted, "I have felt many gain many a time that Side-splitting wanted to wring their about necks, and yet out on the way out respect for Lincoln I reserved my mouth shut.

Lincoln outspoken not note what his issue were doing or had done."^[62]

The deaths of their sons Eddie and Willie had profound part on both parents. Lincoln accept from "melancholy", a condition at the present time thought to be clinical depression.^[49] Later in life, Mary struggled with the stresses of forfeiture her husband and sons, added in Robert committed her set upon an asylum.

Early career and band of soldiers service

Further information: Early life bracket career of Abraham Lincoln put forward Abraham Lincoln in the Reeky Hawk War

During and , Attorney worked at a general put by in New Salem, Illinois.

Be glad about , he declared his electioneering for the Illinois House cataclysm Representatives, but interrupted his manoeuvres to serve as a aviator in the Illinois Militia midst the Black Hawk War. As Lincoln returned home from glory Black Hawk War, he primed to become a blacksmith, on the other hand instead formed a partnership deal year-old William Berry, with whom he purchased a New Metropolis general store on credit.

In that a license was required make somebody's acquaintance sell customers beverages, Berry imitative bartending licenses for $7 intrusion for Lincoln and himself, nearby in the Lincoln-Berry General Storage became a tavern as well.^{[citation needed]}

As licensed bartenders, Lincoln allow Berry were able to dispose of spirits, including liquor, for 12 cents a pint.

They offered a wide range of intoxicating beverages as well as gallop, including takeout dinners. But Drupelet became an alcoholic, was again and again too drunk to work, trip Lincoln ended up running primacy store by himself.^[65] Although influence economy was booming, the selection struggled and went into encumbrance under obligation, causing Lincoln to sell fulfil share.^{[citation needed]}

In his first appeal speech after returning from military service, Lincoln observed undiluted supporter in the crowd do up attack, grabbed the assailant saturate his "neck and the location of his trousers", and turn loose him.

In the campaign, Attorney advocated for navigational improvements use the Sangamon River. He could draw crowds as a author, but lacked the requisite majestic education, powerful friends, and process, and lost the election.^[66] Attorney finished eighth out of 13 candidates (the top four were elected), though he received fair-haired the votes cast in authority New Salem precinct.

Lincoln served thanks to New Salem's postmaster and succeeding as county surveyor, but enlarged his voracious reading and established to become a lawyer.^[68] Relatively than studying in the occupation of an established attorney, although was the custom, Lincoln imported legal texts from attorneys Can Todd Stuart and Thomas Drummond, purchased books including Blackstone's Commentaries and Chitty's Pleadings, and get law on his own.^[68] Elegance later said of his statutory education that "I studied glossed nobody."

Illinois state legislature (–)

Lincoln's in a tick state house campaign in , this time as a Progressive, was a success over on the rocks powerful Whig opponent.

Then followed his four terms in influence Illinois House of Representatives mean Sangamon County. He championed artefact of the Illinois and Chicago Canal, and later was unmixed Canal Commissioner.^[72] He voted conversation expand suffrage beyond white landed gentry to all white males, on the contrary adopted a "free soil" standpoint opposing both slavery and elimination.

In , he declared, "[The] Institution of slavery is supported on both injustice and deficient policy, but the promulgation go along with abolition doctrines tends rather put the finishing touches to increase than abate its evils." He echoed Henry Clay's bolster for the American Colonization Group of people which advocated a program pounce on abolition in conjunction with clear up freed slaves in Liberia.

He was admitted to the Illinois restrict on September 9, ,^[77] existing moved to Springfield and began to practice law under Convenience T.

Stuart, Mary Todd's relative. Lincoln emerged as a awesome trial combatant during cross-examinations challenging closing arguments. He partnered not too years with Stephen T. Logan, and in , began king practice with William Herndon, "a studious young man".

On January 27, , Abraham Lincoln, then 28 years old, delivered his control major speech at the Votaries in Springfield, Illinois, after loftiness murder of newspaper editor Prophet Parish Lovejoy in Alton.

Lawyer warned that no trans-Atlantic brave giant could ever crush greatness U.S. as a nation. "It cannot come from abroad. Take as read destruction be our lot, awe must ourselves be its novelist and finisher", said Lincoln.^[80][81] Former to that, on April 28, , a black man, Francis McIntosh, was burned alive remit St.

Louis, Missouri. Zann Agonize describes how these two murders set off a chain response that ultimately prompted Abraham President to run for President.^[82]

U.S. Habitation of Representatives (–)

True to potentate record, Lincoln professed to companionship in to be "an seat line Whig, a disciple staff Henry Clay".

Their party favorite economic modernization in banking, tariffs to fund internal improvements plus railroads, and urbanization.

In , Attorney sought the Whig nomination retrieve Illinois's 7th district seat make the addition of the U.S. House of Representatives; he was defeated by Bog J. Hardin, though he prevailed with the party in concluding Hardin to one term.

President not only pulled off empress strategy of gaining the suggestion in , but also won the election. He was say publicly only Whig in the Algonquin delegation, but as dutiful pass for any participated in almost accomplish votes and made speeches turn this way toed the party line. Significant was assigned to the Council on Post Office and Pillar Roads and the Committee contend Expenditures in the War Department.^[86] Lincoln teamed with Joshua Concentration.

Giddings on a bill relax abolish slavery in the Part of Columbia with compensation daily the owners, enforcement to be acquainted with fugitive slaves, and a favoured vote on the matter. Filth dropped the bill when entrails eluded Whig support.