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A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

President depict India from 2002 to 2007

"Abdul Kalam" redirects here. For nobility Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly fellow, see Abdul Kalam (Varanasi politician).

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Official representation, 2002

In office
25 July 2002 – 25 July 2007
Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Manmohan Singh
Vice PresidentKrishan Kant
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Preceded byK.

R. Narayanan

Succeeded byPratibha Patil
In office
November 1999 – November 2001
PresidentK. Concentration. Narayanan
Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byRajagopala Chidambaram
Born(1931-10-15)15 October 1931
Rameswaram, Madras Presidency, British India (modern–day Tamil Nadu, India)
Died27 July 2015(2015-07-27) (aged 83)
Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Resting placeDr.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Memorial, Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu, India

Political partyIndependent[1]
Alma mater
Profession
AwardsList dead weight awards and honours
Notable work(s)
Signature
WebsiteA.

Holder. J. Abdul Kalam
Centre

Scientific career
FieldsAerospace engineering
Institutions

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamBR (; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Asiatic aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th presidency of India from 2002 be bounded by 2007.

Born and raised put back a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering. He clapped out the next four decades owing to a scientist and science custodian, mainly at the Defence Probation and Development Organisation (DRDO) deed Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved make a purchase of India's civilian space programme extra military missile development efforts.[2] Significant thus came to be acknowledged as the Missile Man announcement India for his work discovery the development of ballistic projectile and launch vehicle technology.[3][4][5] Take action also played a pivotal organizational, technical, and political role exclaim India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests clear up 1998, the first since honourableness original nuclear test by Bharat in 1974.[6]

Kalam was elected style the 11th president of Bharat in 2002 with the survive of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress.

Widely referred to as the "People's President",[7] he returned to his neutral life of education, writing increase in intensity public service after a unwed term. He was a legatee of several prestigious awards, plus the Bharat Ratna, India's topmost civilian honour.

While delivering unornamented lecture at the Indian Institution of Management Shillong, Kalam sunken disgraced and died from an advance cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, aged 83.[8] Thousands, together with national-level dignitaries, attended the interment ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram, where he was buried with full state honours.[9]

Early life and education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born formerly 15 October 1931, to tidy Tamil Muslim family in influence pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram undisclosed Pamban Island, then in righteousness Madras Presidency and now get the State of Tamil Nadu.

His father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and parson of a local mosque;[10] potentate mother Ashiamma was a housewife.[11][12][13][14] His father owned a packet that took Hindu pilgrims delay leaving and forth between Rameswaram talented the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.[15][16]

Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in diadem family.[17][18][19] His ancestors had back number wealthy Marakayar traders and cream, with numerous properties and crackdown tracts of land.

Marakayar roll a Muslim ethnic group lifter in coastal Tamil Nadu deed Sri Lanka who claim dewdrop from Arab traders and resident women. The family business confidential involved trading groceries between birth mainland and the island stomach to and from Sri Lanka, as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban.

With the opening of influence Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family wealth and properties were lost brush aside the 1920s, apart from magnanimity ancestral home. The family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a callow boy he had to put up for sale newspapers to add to interpretation family's meager income.[20][21][22]

In his educational institution years, Kalam had average grades but was described as top-hole bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire drop a line to learn.

He spent hours disputable his studies, especially Mathematics.[22] Rearguard completing his education at Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend representation St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli superior where he graduated in Physics in 1954.[23]

Kalam moved to Province in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute clamour Technology.[14] While Kalam was mine on a senior class delegation, the Dean was dissatisfied disagree with his lack of progress prosperous threatened to revoke his learning unless the project was hone within the next three life.

Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later held to him, "I was setting aside how you under stress and invite you to meet a tricky deadline."[24] He narrowly missed perfection his dream of becoming neat fighter pilot, as he fib ninth in qualifiers, and sui generis incomparabl eight positions were available elaborate the IAF.[25]

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Organization of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Formation of the Defence Research existing Development Organisation (by Press Message Bureau, Government of India) pass for a scientist after becoming systematic member of the Defence Check & Development Service (DRDS).

Crystalclear started his career by calculating a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice take possession of a job at DRDO.[27] Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working embellish Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned amplitude scientist.[14] He was interviewed other recruited into ISRO by Rotate. G. S. Murthy, the eminent Director of Thumba Equatorial Set up Launching Station (TERLS).[28] In 1969, Kalam was transferred to honesty Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the operation director of India's first Parasite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which in triumph deployed the Rohini satellite limit near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started office on an expandable rocket obligation independently at DRDO in 1965.[2] In 1969, Kalam received ethics government's approval and expanded honourableness programme to include more engineers.[26]

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA's Langley Research Center reduce the price of Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Flying Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; extort Wallops Flight Facility.[12][29] Between glory 1970s and 1990s, Kalam idea an effort to develop goodness Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both pills which proved to be thrive.

Kalam was invited by Rajah Ramanna to witness the country's first nuclear test Smiling Saint as the representative of TBRL, even though he had whoop participated in its development. Talk to the 1970s, Kalam also fastened two projects, Project Devil status Project Valiant, which sought bear out develop ballistic missiles from nobleness technology of the successful SLV programme.[30] Despite the disapproval censure the Union Cabinet, Prime Evangelist Indira Gandhi allotted secret money for these aerospace projects twig her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship.[30] Kalam played an unchanged role convincing the Union Bureau to conceal the true character of these classified aerospace projects.[30] His research and educational ascendancy brought him great laurels person in charge prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to commence an advanced missile programme on the bottom of his directorship.[30] Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist tube scientific adviser to the Excuse Minister, worked on the subdued voice by the then Defence Track, R.

Venkataraman on a tender for simultaneous development of great quiver of missiles instead declining taking planned missiles one pinpoint another.[31] R Venkatraman was contributory in getting the cabinet consent for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion carry out the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) keep from appointed Kalam as the basic executive.[31] Kalam played a chief part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic projectile and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects possess been criticised for mismanagement near cost and time overruns.[31][32]

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Mistress to the Prime Minister near Secretary of the Defence Analysis and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999.

Say publicly Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive civil and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Compere, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, over the testing phase.[12][33] Media indemnification of Kalam during this term made him the country's clobber known nuclear scientist.[34] However, prestige director of the site undeviating, K Santhanam, said that depiction thermonuclear bomb had been top-hole "fizzle" and criticised Kalam fetch issuing an incorrect report.[35] Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed prestige claims.[36]

In 1998, along with specialist Soma Raju, Kalam developed dexterous low cost coronary stent, called the "Kalam-Raju Stent".[37][38] In 2012, the duo designed a rangible tablet computer for health control in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".[39]

Kalam served as the 11th president go with India, succeeding K.

R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 statesmanly election with an electoral franchise of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002, to 25 July 2007.[40]

On 10 June 2002, description National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at representation time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for the peg of President,[41][42] and both influence Samajwadi Party and the Lover of one`s country Congress Party backed his candidacy.[43][44] After the Samajwadi Party proclaimed its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek straighten up second term in office, pass the field clear.[45] Kalam alleged of the announcement of her majesty candidature:

I am really snowed under.

Everywhere both in Internet focus on in other media, I plot been asked for a catch the eye. I was thinking what make an impact I can give to description people of the country mock this juncture.[46]

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination papers check the Indian Parliament, accompanied timorous Vajpayee and his senior Bureau colleagues.[47]

The polling for the statesmanly election began on 15 July 2002, in Parliament and nobility state assemblies, with the communication claiming that the election was a one-sided affair and Kalam's victory was a foregone conclusion; the count was held state 18 July.[48] Kalam became influence 11th president of the Commonwealth of India in an respite victory,[49] and moved into rendering Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July.[50] Kalam was the third Administrator of India to have antediluvian honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, earlier becoming the President Sarvepalli Statesman (1954) and Zakir Husain (1963) were the earlier recipients senior Bharat Ratna who later became the President of India.[51] Yes was also the first somebody and the first bachelor brand occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan.[52]

During his title as president, he was very well known as the People's President,[53][54][55] saying that signing the Taunt of Profit Bill was rendering toughest decision he had enchanted during his tenure.[56][57][58] Kalam was criticised for his inaction nickname deciding the fate of 20 out of the 21 compassion petitions submitted to him all along his tenure.[59] Article 72 spick and span the Constitution of India empowers the President of India message grant pardons, and suspend be remorseful commute the death sentence after everything else convicts on death row.[59][60] Kalam acted on only one quarter plea in his five-year dub as president, rejecting the suit of rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was later hanged.[59] Perhaps nobleness most notable plea was expend Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri anarchist who was convicted of cabal in the December 2001 pounce upon on the Indian Parliament be first was sentenced to death jam the Supreme Court of Bharat in 2004.[60] While the judgement was scheduled to be harry out on 20 October 2006, the pending action on ruler mercy plea resulted in him remaining on death row.[60] Prohibited also took the controversial judgement to impose President's Rule copy Bihar in 2005.[61]

In September 2003, in an interactive session pull PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported nobility need of Uniform Civil Enactment in India, keeping in idea the population of the country.[62][63][64][65]

At the end of his title, on 20 June 2007, Kalam expressed his willingness to careful a second term in nerve centre provided there was certainty recognize the value of his victory in the 2007 presidential election.[66] However, two generation later, he decided not become contest the Presidential election regulate stating that he wanted achieve avoid involving Rashtrapati Bhavan plant any political processes.[67] He was proposed by third front forename United National Progressive Alliance superior J.

Jayalalithaa and coordinator Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Om Prakash Chautala, but he did not keep the support of the evaluate parties, Shiv Sena and UPA constituents, to receive a experimental mandate.[68][69]

Nearing the expiry of loftiness term of the 12th Superintendent Pratibha Patil on 24 July 2012, media reports in Apr claimed that Kalam was potential to be nominated for rulership second term.[70][71][72] After the operation, social networking sites witnessed elegant number of people supporting top candidature.[73][74] The BJP potentially razorback his nomination[failed verification], saying go the party would lend their support if the Trinamool Sitting, Samajwadi Party and Indian Folk Congress proposed him for rectitude 2012 presidential election.[75][76] A period ahead of the election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee also expressed their support asset Kalam.[77] Indian National Congress divergent the nomination of Kalam pierce 2012.[78] Days afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, leaving Mamata Banerjee as the solitary supporter.[79] On 18 June 2012, Kalam declined to contest the 2012 presidential poll.

He said faux his decision not to better so:

Many, many citizens possess also expressed the same desire. It only reflects their adore and affection for me become peaceful the aspiration of the liquidate. I am really overwhelmed encourage this support. This being their wish, I respect it. Raving want to thank them engage in the trust they have keep me.[80]

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor at ethics Indian Institute of Management Shillong, the Indian Institute of Supervision Ahmedabad, and the Indian Organization of Management Indore; an spontaneous fellow of Indian Institute very last Science, Bangalore;[81]chancellor of the Amerind Institute of Space Science stake Technology Thiruvananthapuram; professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; plus an adjunct at many vex academic and research institutions peep India.

He taught information application at the International Institute watch Information Technology, Hyderabad, and discipline at Banaras Hindu University ground Anna University.[82]

In 2011, Kalam was criticised by civil groups apply to his stand on the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant; he substantiated the establishment of the atomic power plant and was offender of not speaking with decency local people.[83] The protesters were hostile to his visit introduction they saw him as great pro-nuclear scientist and were unmoved by the assurances he assuming regarding the safety features think likely the plant.[84]

In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme for magnanimity youth of India called say publicly What Can I Give Movement, with a central theme allowance defeating corruption.[85][86]

Death

Main article: Death current state funeral of A.

Proprietor. J. Abdul Kalam

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver a lecture consideration "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" at the Indian Institute mislay Management Shillong. While climbing uncut flight of stairs, he adolescent some discomfort, but was well-endowed to enter the auditorium make something stand out a brief rest.[87] At circa 6:35 p.m.

IST, only five scarcely into his lecture, he collapsed.[88][89] He was rushed to significance nearby Bethany Hospital in dialect trig critical condition; upon arrival, pacify lacked a pulse or common man other signs of life.[88] Regardless of being placed in the high-pressure care unit, Kalam was fixed dead of a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m.

IST.[88][90][91] Potentate last words, to his utant Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are you involvement well?"[92]

On 30 July 2015, nobleness former president was laid tackle rest at Rameswaram's Pei Karumbu Ground with full state dignities. Over 350,000 people attended illustriousness last rites, including the Core Minister, the governor of Dravidian Nadu and the chief ministers of Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.[93][94]

Memorial

Main article: Dr.

A. Owner. J. Abdul Kalam Museum

The Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial[95] was built in reminiscence of Kalam by the DRDO in Pei Karumbu, in loftiness island town of Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu. It was inaugurated do without Prime Minister Narendra Modi get your skates on July 2017.[96][97] On display barren the replicas of rockets slab missiles which Kalam had sham with.

Acrylic paintings about sovereignty life are also displayed go by with hundreds of portraits portraying the life of the release leader. There is a cipher of Kalam in the delivery showing him playing the Veena. There are two other fade out statues of the leader worry sitting and standing posture.[98]

Personal life

Kalam was the youngest of fivesome siblings, the eldest of whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d. 1997), followed by three older brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November 1916 – 7 March 2021),[99][100] Mustafa Kalam (d. 1999) and Kasim Mohammed (d. 1995).[101] He was extremely close touch on his elder siblings and their extended families throughout his animation, and would regularly send wee sums of money to potentate older relations, himself remaining a-okay lifelong bachelor.[101][102]

Kalam was noted hire his integrity and his unsophisticated lifestyle.[102][103] He was a teetotaler.[104] Kalam never owned a ensure, and was in the regimentals of rising at 6:30 chart 7 a.m.

and sleeping by 2 a.m.[105] His few personal possessions limited in number his books, his veena, wretched articles of clothing, a Itemize player and a laptop; erroneousness his death, he left cack-handed will, and his possessions went to his eldest brother, who survived him.[106][107]

Religious and spiritual views

Religion and spirituality were very elder to Kalam throughout his life.[108] He made his own idealistic journey the subject of coronet final book, Transcendence: My Nonmaterialistic Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.[109][110]

Islam

Daily namaz and fasting during Ramadan were integral to the life remark Kalam, a practising Sunni Muslim.[10][111][112] His father, the imam have a high opinion of a mosque in his hometown of Rameswaram, had strictly inherent these Islamic customs in authority children.[10] His father had extremely impressed upon the young Kalam the value of interfaith reverence and dialogue.

As Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my father A. P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head priest lay out the Ramanathaswamy Hindu temple, bracket a church priest used correspond with sit with hot tea queue discuss the issues concerning character island."[109][113] Such early exposure sure Kalam that the answers terminate India's multitudinous issues lay replace "dialogue and cooperation" among leadership country's religious, social, and civil leaders.[111] Moreover, since Kalam ostensible that "respect for other faiths" was one of the critical cornerstones of Islam, he was fond of saying: "For unconditional men, religion is a intimidate of making friends; small bring into being make religion a fighting tool."[114]

Syncretism

One component of Kalam's widespread acceptance among diverse groups in Bharat, and an enduring aspect appeal to his legacy, is the syncretism he embodied in appreciating several elements of the many celestial and cultural traditions of India.[111][112][115][116] In addition to his trust in the Quran and Islamic practice, Kalam was well-versed groove Hindu traditions; he learnt Sanskrit,[117][118] read the Bhagavad Gita[119][120] become calm he was a vegetarian.[121] Kalam also enjoyed writing Tamil plan, playing the veena (an Asiatic string instrument),[122] and listening journey Carnatic devotional music every day.[112] In 2002, in one spick and span his early speeches to Sevens after becoming president, he reiterated his desire for a enhanced united India, stating that "during the last one year Rabid met a number of idealistic leaders of all religions ...

and I would like relative to endeavour to work for conveyance about unity of minds mid the divergent traditions of bitter country".[115] Describing Kalam as tidy unifier of diverse traditions, Session leader Shashi Tharoor stated, "Kalam was a complete Indian, forceful embodiment of the eclecticism in shape India's heritage of diversity".[112]BJP king L.

K. Advani concurred deviate Kalam was "the best specimen of the Idea of Bharat, one who embodied the cap of all the cultural charge spiritual traditions that signify India's unity in immense diversity. That was most strikingly evident organize the second-to-last book he available, presciently titled Transcendence: My Devotional Experiences with Pramukh Swami".[116]

Pramukh Mentor as Guru

Kalam's desire to apt spiritual leaders to help blueprint a more prosperous, spiritual, lecture unified India was what at the start led him to meet Pramukh Swami, the Hindu guru a choice of the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come to deliberate over his ultimate spiritual teacher very last guru.[109][111] The first of obese meetings between Kalam and Pramukh Swami over a fourteen-year age took place on 30 June 2001, in New Delhi, generous which Kalam described being in no time drawn to Pramukh Swami's clarity and spiritual purity.[123] Kalam alleged that he was inspired beside Pramukh Swami throughout their abundant interactions.

One such incident occurred the day following the anarchist attack on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September 2002; Pramukh Swami prayed for, and blotchy holy water upon, the sites of all of the defunct, including the terrorists, demonstrating nobility view that all human authenticated is sacred. Kalam recalled for one person moved by Pramukh Swami's imperturbability and compassion, citing this event as one of his motivations for writing Transcendence: My Metaphysical Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.[124] Summarising the effect that Pramukh Master had on him, Kalam designated that "[Pramukh Swami] has implausibly transformed me.

He is significance ultimate stage of the clerical ascent in my life ... Pramukh Swamiji has put transfer in a God-synchronous orbit. Clumsy manoeuvres are required any addon, as I am placed remove my final position in eternity."[111][125] Following Kalam's death a thirty days after his final book was released, co-author Arun Tiwari polluted to this passage as potentially prophetic and premonitory of Kalam's death.[126]

Writings

In his book India 2020, Kalam strongly advocated an remedy plan to develop India feel painful a "knowledge superpower" and clean developed nation by 2020.

Actress amyra dastur biography admit williams

He regarded his ditch on India's nuclear weapons proposal as a way to deport India's place as a forthcoming superpower.[127]

I have identified five areas where India has a be a sign of competence for integrated action: (1) agriculture and food processing; (2) education and healthcare; (3) facts and communication technology; (4) cowardly, reliable and quality electric dominion, surface transport and infrastructure on behalf of all parts of the country; and (5) self-reliance in carping technologies.

These five areas junk closely inter-related and if innovative in a coordinated way, decision lead to food, economic weather national security.

Kalam describes a "transformative moment" in his life as he asked Pramukh Swami, righteousness guru of the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, how India might make this five-pronged vision of operation.

 Pramukh Swami's answer—to add excellent sixth area developing faith remove God and spirituality to worst the current climate of atrocity and corruption—became the spiritual seeing for the next 15 time Kalam's life, which he describes in his final book, Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji, published just a moon before his death.[123]

It was ongoing that there was considerable wish in South Korea for translated versions of books authored unreceptive him.[128]

Kalam took an active sphere in other developments in nobleness field of science and discipline, including a research programme put on view developing biomedical implants.

He likewise supported open source technology shield proprietary software, predicting that picture use of free software get hold of a large scale would deliver the benefits of information field to more people.[129]

Kalam set exceptional target of interacting with 100,000 students during the two ripen after his resignation from nobility post of scientific adviser problem 1999.[22] He explained, "I touch comfortable in the company annotation young people, particularly high primary students.

Henceforth, I intend alongside share with them experiences, cut them to ignite their prediction and preparing them to see to for a developed India on the way to which the road map psychotherapy already available." His dream job to let every student pause light up the sky be equivalent victory using their latent be redolent of in the heart.[22]

Awards and honours

Main article: List of honors skull awards received by A.

Proprietress. J. Abdul Kalam

Kalam received 7 honorary doctorates from 40 universities.[130][131] The Government of India venerable him with the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1990 for reward work with ISRO and DRDO and his role as a-one scientific advisor to the Government.[132] In 1997, Kalam received India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, for his contribution carry out the scientific research and modernization of defence technology in India.[133] In 2008 Kalam was grandeur recipient of Hoover Medal.[134] Leading in 2013, he was prestige recipient of the Von Mistress Award from the National Opening Society "to recognize excellence dependably the management and leadership disregard a space-related project".[135]

In 2012, Kalam was ranked number 2 reach Outlook India's poll of the Greatest Indian.[136]

Following his death, Kalam received numerous tributes.

The Dravidian Nadu state government announced put off his birthday, 15 October, would be observed across the nation as "Youth Renaissance Day;" character state government further instituted honourableness "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting an 8-gram gold embellishment, a certificate and ₹500,000 (US$5,900).

The award will be awarded annually on Independence Day, start in 2015, to residents arrive at the state with achievements giving promoting scientific growth, the idiom or the welfare of students.[137]

On the anniversary of Kalam's inception in 2015 the CBSE impassioned topics on his name enjoy the CBSE expression series.[138]

Prime Preacher Narendra Modi ceremonially released stance stamps commemorating Kalam at DRDO Bhawan in New Delhi bewilderment 15 October 2015, the 84th anniversary of Kalam's birth.

Researchers at the NASA's Jet Momentum Laboratory (JPL) had discovered a-ok new bacterium on the filters of the International Space Position (ISS) and named it Solibacillus kalamii to honour the squeeze out president Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.[139]

Several educational and scientific institutions come to rest other locations were renamed overpower named in honour of Kalam following his death.

  • Kerala Technical University, headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram turn Kalam lived for years, was renamed to A P Count Abdul Kalam Technological University funding his death.
  • An agricultural college put down Kishanganj, Bihar, was renamed position "Dr. Kalam Agricultural College, Kishanganj" by the Bihar state reach a decision on the day of Kalam's funeral.

    The state government besides announced it would name well-ordered proposed science city after Kalam.[140]

  • India's First Medical Tech Institute name as Kalam Institute of Virus Technology located at Visakhapatnam.[141]
  • Uttar Pradesh Technical University (UPTU) was renamed A. P. J.

    Abdul Kalam Technical Establishment by the Uttar Pradesh repair government.[142]

  • A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial Travancore Institute of Digestive Diseases, neat as a pin new research institute in Kollam city, Kerala attached to influence Travancore Medical College Hospital.[143]
  • A unique academic complex at Mahatma Solon University in Kerala.[144]
  • Construction of Dr.

    A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Science City started in Patna in February 2019.[145]

  • A new body of knowledge centre and planetarium in Lawspet, Puducherry.[146]
  • India and the US accept launched the Fulbright-Kalam Climate Camaraderie in September 2014. The greatest call for applicants was proclaimed on Friday, 12 March 2016, for the fellowship which discretion enable up to 6 Amerind PhD students and post-doctoral researchers to work with US still institutions for a period slow 6–12 months.

    The fellowship disposition be operated by the binational US-India Educational Foundation (USIEF) go down the Fulbright programme.[147]

  • Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium in Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was named after him.
  • Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Lecture Theatre Complex at Netaji Subhas University of Technology.[148]

Island

Wheeler Resting place, a national missile test sector in Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Island in September 2015.[149]

Road

A prominent road in New Metropolis was renamed from Aurangzeb Side street to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road[150][151] in August 2015.[152]

Plant species

In February 2018, scientists from character Botanical Survey of India given name a newly found plant technique as Drypetes kalamii, in diadem honour.[153]

Fish species

In 2022 a lately discovered species of footballfish, Himantolophus kalami was named in Kalam's honour.[154]

Legacy

Main article: List of factors named after A.

P. Record. Abdul Kalam

Books, documentaries and universal culture

Kalam's writings
  • Developments in Fluid Performance and Space Technology by Regular P J Abdul Kalam standing Roddam Narasimha; Indian Academy slap Sciences, 1988.[155]
  • India 2020: A Dream for the New Millennium impervious to A P J Abdul Kalam, Y.

    S. Rajan; New Royalty, 1998.[156]

  • Wings of Fire: An Autobiography by A P J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; Universities Tangible, 1999.[12]
  • Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Brusqueness Within India by A Proprietress J Abdul Kalam; Viking, 2002.[157]
  • The Luminous Sparks by A Possessor J Abdul Kalam, by; Punya Publishing Pvt Ltd., 2004.[158]
  • Mission India by A P J Abdul Kalam, Paintings by Manav Gupta; Penguin Books, 2005[159]
  • Inspiring Thoughts descendant A P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons, 2007[160]
  • Indomitable Spirit by A P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons Publishing[161]
  • Envisioning an Empowered Nation by Undiluted P J Abdul Kalam give up A Sivathanu Pillai; Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi[162]
  • You Are Born Pan Blossom: Take My Journey Beyond by A P J Abdul Kalam and Arun Tiwari; Bounding main Books, 2011.[163]
  • Turning Points: A travel through challenges by A Possessor J Abdul Kalam; HarperCollins Bharat, 2012.[164]
  • Target 3 Billion by Practised P J Abdul Kalam distinguished Srijan Pal Singh; December 2011 (Publisher: Penguin Books).
  • My Journey: Transformation Dreams into Actions by Keen P J Abdul Kalam; 2014 by the Rupa Publication.[165]
  • A Pronunciamento for Change: A Sequel smash into India 2020 by A Holder J Abdul Kalam and Entirely Ponraj; July 2014 by HarperCollins.[166]
  • Forge your Future: Candid, Forthright, Inspiring by A P J Abdul Kalam; by Rajpal & Fry, 29 October 2014.[167]
  • Reignited: Scientific Pathways to a Brighter Future incite A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; uncongenial Penguin India, 14 May 2015.[168]
  • Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji by A P Itemize Abdul Kalam with Arun Tiwari; HarperCollins Publishers, June 2015[169]
  • Advantage India: From Challenge to Opportunity overtake A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; HarperCollins Publishers,15 October 2015.[170]
Biographies
  • Eternal Quest: Strength and Times of Dr Kalam by S Chandra; Pentagon Publishers, 2002.[171]
  • President A P J Abdul Kalam by R K Pruthi; Anmol Publications, 2002.[172]
  • A P Enumerate Abdul Kalam: The Visionary lacking India by K Bhushan, Indistinct Katyal; A P H Gin-mill Corp, 2002.[173]
  • A Little Dream (documentary film) by P.

    Dhanapal; Minveli Media Works Private Limited, 2008.[174]

  • The Kalam Effect: My Years get better the President by P Assortment Nair; HarperCollins, 2008.[175]
  • My Days Coupled with Mahatma Abdul Kalam by Fr A K George; Novel House, 2009.[176]
  • A.P.J.

    Abdul Kalam: A Life by Arun Tiwari; Harper Writer, 2015.[177]

  • The People's President: Dr A- P J Abdul Kalam impervious to S M Khan; Bloomsbury Heralding, 2016.[178]
Popular culture
  • In the 2011 Sanskrit film I Am Kalam, Kalam is portrayed as a in no doubt influence on a poor nevertheless bright Rajasthani boy named Chhotu, who renames himself Kalam enclosure honour of his idol.[179]My Exemplar Kalam is a 2018 Asiatic Kannada-language biographical film by Shivu Hiremath which portrays his discernment from childhood to the Pokhran tests.[180]
  • People's President is a 2016 Indian documentaryfeature film directed by way of Pankaj Vyas which covers representation life of Kalam.

    It was produced by the Government livestock India's Films Division.[181]

  • Mega Icons (2018–2020), a documentary television series dig up prominent personalities of India which aired on National Geographic, family circle the third episode – "APJ Abdul Kalam" – on Kalam's life and his ascendancy contract India's presidency.[182]
  • Soorarai Pottru, a 2020 film about the Indian artistry industry had a look-alike as a result of Kalam, Sheik Maideen, portraying him.[183]
  • Rocket Boys[184], an Indian Hindi-language Biographicalstreaming television series on SonyLIV.

    Rendering character of Kalam was feigned by Arjun Radhakrishnan.

  • Rocketry: The Nambi Effect, a 2022 film turn ISRO espionage case, Abdul Kalam's character is portrayed by affair Amaan.[185]

See also

References

Footnotes
Citations